How to Build a Simple Deck Frame

A small floating deck (no attachment to the house) is the friendliest first deck project — no flashing, no ledger, no permits in many cases.

Check local code: most jurisdictions allow ground-level decks under 200 sq ft and 30" off grade without a permit. Bothell and Kirkland fall under this for typical floating decks. Always verify before you start.

For a 10x12 ft floating deck, use 6 concrete deck blocks set on a tamped gravel base. The blocks distribute weight and provide a slot for 4x4 posts (or directly for the beam). Level the blocks to each other within 1/4" using a long straightedge and a torpedo level.

Build the frame with 2x8 pressure-treated lumber: two outer rim joists, two beams running the long direction, and 2x8 joists spaced 16" on center spanning across the beams. Use joist hangers at every connection (Simpson LUS28 or equivalent) and structural screws or hot-dipped galvanized nails — never drywall or interior screws.

Square the frame by measuring diagonals — they should be equal. Adjust by tapping a corner until the diagonals match within 1/4". Once squared, install decking with hidden fasteners or 2-1/2" exterior deck screws, two per joist crossing.